Current Date in Melbourne

In roman numerals it looks like this: XIX.VIII.MMXVI

The Gregorian Calendar became official since the end of the 16th century and starts yearly counting with the birth of Jesus Christ. All following years are counted continouesl after that (e.g. 2005 AD ). Years before Christ's birth are counted respectively, e.g. 2000 BC.

This yearly counting is not very useful for scientific needs, therefore scientists invented a different idea to count all days, starting on 01/01/4713 BC as the first day of the so-called julian Day.
The current Julian Day Number today is: 2457620 oder 2.457.620 (days since Jan.1st 4713 AD)

It is possible to convert the Julian Day into the Julian Calendar , although both have nothing in common despite of the similarity of their names. The Julian Calendar was used in Europe until the introduction of the Gregorian Calendar in 1582 and furthermore.
Array ( [date] => 8/6/2016 [month] => 8 [day] => 6 [year] => 2016 [dow] => 5 [abbrevdayname] => Fri [dayname] => Friday [abbrevmonth] => Aug [monthname] => August )
Friday, 6.August 2016 (JD)

Here you can detect inaccuracy of about 13 days compared to the Gregorian Date:
Array ( [date] => 8/19/2016 [month] => 8 [day] => 19 [year] => 2016 [dow] => 5 [abbrevdayname] => Fri [dayname] => Friday [abbrevmonth] => Aug [monthname] => August )
Friday, 19.August 2016

The Jewish or Hebrew Calendar refers to the year 1 after the biblic creation of the world which means 3761 BC:
Array ( [date] => 12/15/5776 [month] => 12 [day] => 15 [year] => 5776 [dow] => 5 [abbrevdayname] => Fri [dayname] => Friday [abbrevmonth] => Av [monthname] => Av )
Yom Schischi, 15.Av 5776

The Islamic Calendar is a pure lunar calendar. There are 12 months with alternating 29 and 30 number of days. In leap years the 12th month consists of 30 instead of 29 days. The time counting of the islamic calendar starts on the day of the emigration of the Islamic prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina on July 16, 622 (Julian Calendar). Because of a missing coordination with the solar calendar there is a shift of approx. 11 days within the seasons.
The islamic date today is:
15. Dhu 'l-Qada 1437

Der ancestor of the todays Chinese Calendar was used for more than 2000 years. it is a Lunisolar Calendar, with a similar accuracy of the gregorian calender. According to the Chinese Lunisolar Calendar the date today is
17.Day of the 7.Month(Orchimens) in the year of the Monkey.
The earthly branch is Bing and the heavenly stem is Shen.

The Thai Calendar works very similar to the Buddhist Calendar, which is a lunisolar moon-calendar with corrections by the solar year. There are 12 month available with alternating length of 29 and 30 days. In leap years there is another month 8 with 30 days inserted. The time counting of the Thai buddhist calendar starts in the year of Buddha's death in 544 BC (Gregorian) as year 0.
Since 1941 the months were adapted according to the gregorian year. The today date in Thailand is:
Wan-pa-reu-had-sa-bor-dee 19. Düan-sing-har-kom 2559 B.E.

Until 1961 the Korean Date was counted after the year 2333 BC. This was the historic year when Korea was found by the Emperor Dangun: 19.08.4349
Today the date in Korea will be calculated after the gregorian Calendar:
 2016 08 19

Until the year 1863 AD the japanese time calculation according to the chinese luni-solar moon calender. Nowadays it was adapted to the international gregorian calendar. The years are counted differently after the current Emperor's era (Heisei, start year 1988): H28.08.19 or  28 08 19 or internationalized as
2016 08 19
Acc. to the following scheme 'Day-of-the-week, Year. Name-of-the-month. Day' you'll find the following
kin-yobi , 2016. hachigatsu. 19 or as short-form 08 / 19 ()
= 08.month (August)   = 6.day-of-the-week ()

The standardized date format according to ISO 8601 looks as followed: YEAR-MONTH-DAY- T(ime)- HOURS:MINUTES:SECONDS- (+/-)HOURS:MINUTES(variance from normal time) Z-Zulu Time (UTC)
2016-08-19T11:52:36+02:00Z